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| [[Category:Linux Shell Commands]]
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| [[Techniques]]: [[Linux]]: [[losetup]]
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| ==Documentation==
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| *Section: [[Linux manpages section 8|MAINTENANCE COMMANDS (8)]]
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| ===NAME===
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| [[losetup]] - set up and control loop devices
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| ===SYNOPSIS===
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| *Get info:
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| :[[losetup]] ''loop_device''
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| *Delete loop:
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| :[[losetup]] '''-d''' ''loop_device''
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| * Print name of first unused loop device:
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| :[[losetup]] '''-f'''
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| *Setup loop device:
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| :[[losetup]] [{'''-e'''|'''-E'''} ''encryption''] ['''-o''' ''offset''] ['''-p''' ''pfd''] {-f|''loop_device''} ''file''
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| ===DESCRIPTION===
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| losetup is used to associate loop devices with regular files or block devices, to detach loop devices and to query the status of a loop device. If only the loop_device argument is given, the status of the corresponding loop device is shown.
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| ===Encryption===
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| It is possible to specify transfer functions (for encryption/decryption or other purposes) using one of the '''-E''' and '''-e''' options. There are two mechanisms to specify the desired encryption: by number and by name. If an encryption is specified by number then one has to make sure that the Linux kernel knows about the encryption with that number, probably by patching the kernel. Standard numbers that are always present are 0 (no encryption) and 1 (XOR encryption). When the cryptoloop module is loaded (or compiled in), it uses number 18. This cryptoloop module will take the name of an arbitrary encryption type and finds the module that knows how to perform that encryption. (Thus, either one uses a number different from 18 with the '''-E''' option, or one uses a name with the '''-e''' option.)
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| ===OPTIONS===
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| '''--delete''', '''--detach''', '''-d'''
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| :detach the file or device associated with the specified loop device.
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| '''-E''' ''encryption_type''
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| :Enable data encryption with specified number.
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| '''--encryption''', '''-e encryption'''
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| :Enable data encryption with specified name.
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| '''-f'''
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| :Find the first unused loop device. If a ''file'' argument is present, use this device. Otherwise, print its name.
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| '''--nohashpass''', '''-N'''
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| :Do not hash the password. By default, Debian systems run the password through a hash function, non-Debian systems tend not to.
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| '''--offset''', '''-o''' ''offset''
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| '''-o''' ''offset''
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| :The data start is moved ''offset'' bytes into the specified file or device.
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| '''--pass-fd''', '''-p''' ''num''
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| :Read the passphrase from file descriptor with number ''num'' instead of from the terminal.
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| '''--keybits''', '''-k''' ''num''
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| :set the number of bits to use in key to ''num''.
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| ===RETURN VALUE===
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| losetup returns 0 on success, nonzero on failure. When losetup displays the status of a loop device, it returns 1 if the device is not configured and 2 if an error occurred which prevented losetup from determining the status of the device.
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| ===FILES===
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| /dev/loop0, /dev/loop1, ... loop devices (major=7)
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| ===EXAMPLE===
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| If you are using the loadable module you must have the module loaded first with the command
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| # [[insmod]] loop.o
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| Maybe also encryption modules are needed.
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| # [[insmod]] des.o
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| # [[insmod]] cryptoloop.o
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| The following commands can be used as an example of using the loop device.
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| # [[dd]] if=/dev/zero of=/file bs=1k count=100
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| # [[losetup]] -e des /dev/loop0 /file
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| Password:
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| Init (up to 16 hex digits):
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| # [[mkfs]] -t ext2 /dev/loop0 100
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| # [[mount]] -t ext2 /dev/loop0 /mnt
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| ...
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| # [[umount]] /dev/loop0
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| # [[losetup]] -d /dev/loop0
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| If you are using the loadable module you may remove the module with the command
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| # [[rmmod]] loop
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| ===RESTRICTION===
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| DES encryption is painfully slow. On the other hand, XOR is terribly weak. Both are insecure nowadays. Some ciphers may require a licence for you to be allowed to use them.
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| ==Edit History==
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| * '''2005-06-25''' Transcribed from Linux man page (Ubuntu hoary) via Konqueror man:/losetup.
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